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Tuesday, 29 December 2015

20–20 Internationals: On 17 February 2005 Australia defeated New Zealand in the first men's full international Twenty20 match, played at Eden Park in Auckland.

20–20 Internationals[edit]

Main article: Twenty20 International
On 17 February 2005 Australia defeated New Zealand in the first men's full international Twenty20 match, played at Eden Park in Auckland. The game was played in a light-hearted manner – both sides turned out in kit similar to that worn in the 1980s, the New Zealand team's a direct copy of that worn by the Beige Brigade. Some of the players also sported moustaches/beards and hair styles popular in the 1980s taking part in a competition amongst themselves for best retro look, at the request of the Beige Brigade. Australia won the game comprehensively, and as the result became obvious towards the end of the NZ innings, the players and umpires took things less seriously – Glenn McGrath jokingly replayed the Trevor Chappell underarm incident from a 1981 ODI between the two sides, and Billy Bowden showed him a mock red card (red cards are not normally used in cricket) in response.
The first Twenty20 international in England was played between England and Australia at the Rose Bowl in Hampshire on 13 June 2005, which England won by a margin of 100 runs, a record victory which lasted until 2007.[16]
On 9 January 2006 Australia and South Africa met in the first international Twenty20 game in Australia. In a first, each player's nickname appeared on the back of his uniform, rather than his surname. The international match drew a crowd of 38,894 people at The Gabba. Australia convincingly won the match with man of the match Damien Martynscoring 96 runs.
On 16 February 2006 New Zealand defeated West Indies in a tie-breaking bowl-out 3–0; 126 runs were scored apiece in the game proper. The game was the last international match played by Chris Cairns – NZC handed out life-size cardboard masks of his face to patrons as they entered the ground.
Every two years an ICC World Twenty20 tournament is to take place, except in the event of an ICC Cricket World Cup being scheduled in the same year, in which case it will be held the year before. The first tournament was in 2007 in South Africa where India defeated Pakistan in the final. Two Associate teams had played in the first tournament, selected through the 2007 ICC World Cricket League Division One, a 50-over competition. In December 2007 it was decided to hold a qualifying tournament with a 20-over format to better prepare the teams. With six participants, two would qualify for the 2009 World Twenty20 and would each receive $250,000 in prize money.[17] The second tournamentwas won by Pakistan who beat Sri Lanka by 8 wickets in England on 21 June 2009. The 2010 ICC World Twenty20 tournament was held in West Indies in May 2010, whereEngland defeated Australia by 7 wickets. The 2012 ICC World Twenty20 was won by the West-Indies, by defeating Sri Lanka at the finals. It was the first time in Cricket history when a T20 World Cup tournament took place in an Asian country. The 2014 ICC World Twenty20 was won by Sri Lanka, by defeating India at the finals, where the tournament was held in Bangladesh.

Impact on the game[edit]

Twenty20 matches can have some exciting displays such as when Batsmen run out to the pitch
Twenty20 cricket is claimed to have resulted in a more athletic and "explosive" form of cricket. Indian fitness coach Ramji Srinivasan declared in an interview with the Indian fitness website Takath.com, that Twenty20 had "raised the bar" in terms of fitness levels for all players, demanding higher levels of strength, speed, agility and reaction time from all players regardless of role in the team.[18] Matthew Hayden credited retirement from international cricket with aiding his performance in general and fitness in particular in the Indian Premier League.[19]
In June 2009, speaking at the annual Cowdrey Lecture at Lord's, former Australian wicketkeeper Adam Gilchrist pushed for Twenty20 to be made an Olympic sport. "It would," he said, "be difficult to see a better, quicker or cheaper way of spreading the game throughout the world."[20]

Match format and rules[edit]

Format[edit]

Twenty20 match format is similar to limited overs cricket in that it involves two teams, each with a single innings, the key difference being each team bats for a maximum of 20 overs. In terms of visual format, the batting team members do not arrive from and depart to traditional dressing rooms, but come and go from a "bench" (typically a row of chairs) visible in the playing arena, analogous to association football's "technical area" or a baseball "dugout".
Middlesex playing against Surrey at Lord's, in front of a 28,000-strong crowd

General rules[edit]

The Laws of cricket apply to Twenty20, with some exceptions:[21]
  • Each bowler may bowl a maximum of only one-fifth of the total overs per innings. For a full, uninterrupted match, this is 4 overs.
  • If a bowler delivers a no ball by overstepping the popping crease, it costs 1 run and his next delivery is designated a "free-hit". In this circumstance the batsman can only be dismissed through a run out, hitting the ball twice, obstructing the fieldor handling the ball.
  • The following fielding restrictions apply:
    • No more than five fielders can be on the leg side at any time.
    • During the first six overs, a maximum of two fielders can be outside the 30-yard circle (this is known as the powerplay).
    • After the first six overs, a maximum of five fielders can be outside the fielding circle.
  • If the fielding team does not start to bowl their 20th over within 75 minutes, the batting side is credited an extra six runs for every whole over bowled after the 75-minute mark; the umpire may add more time to this if he believes the batting team is wasting time.

Tie deciders[edit]

Main article: Super Over
Currently, if the match ends with the scores tied and there must be a winner, the tie is broken with a one over per side "Eliminator"[22] or "Super Over":[23][24] Each team nominates three batsmen and one bowler to play a one-over per side "mini-match", sometimes referred to as a "One1".The team which bats second in the match bats first in the Super Over.[25][26] In turn, each side bats one over bowled by the one nominated opposition bowler, with their innings over if they lose two wickets before the over is completed. The side with the higher score from their Super Over wins. If the super over also ends up in a tie then the team wins who have scored the most number boundaries (4s+6s) in the 20 overs.
In the Australian domestic competition the Big Bash League the Super Over is played slightly differently, with no 2-wicket limit, and if the super over is also tied then a "countback" is used, with scores after the fifth ball for each team being used to determine the result. If it is still tied, then the countback goes to 4 balls and so on.[27] The latest Super Over to decide a match was between the Melbourne Stars winning against the Sydney Sixers in the Big Bash League at the Melbourne Cricket Ground, with the Stars winning 19/0 to 9/2 in the Super Over after tying on 150.[28]
Tied Twenty20 matches were previously decided by a "bowl-out".[29]

International[edit]

Main article: Twenty20 International
Twenty20 Internationals have been played since 2005. To date, 20 nations have played the format, including all test playing nations.
NationDate of T20I debut
 Australia17 February 2005
 New Zealand17 February 2005
 England13 June 2005
 South Africa21 October 2005
 West Indies16 February 2006
 Sri Lanka15 June 2006
 Pakistan28 August 2006
 Bangladesh28 November 2006
 Zimbabwe28 November 2006
 India1 December 2006
 Kenya1 September 2007
 Scotland12 September 2007
 Netherlands2 August 2008
 Ireland2 August 2008
 Canada2 August 2008
 Bermuda3 August 2008
 Afghanistan2 February 2010
   Nepal16 March 2014
 Hong Kong16 March 2014
 United Arab Emirates17 March 2014
 Oman25 July 2015

T20 International rankings[edit]

Main article: ICC World Twenty20 rankings
In November 2011, the ICC released the first Twenty20 International rankings, based on the same system as the Test and ODI rankings. The rankings cover a 2 to 3-year period, with matches since the most recent 1 August weighted fully, matches in the preceding 12 months weighted two-thirds, and matches in the 12 months preceding that weighted one-third. To qualify for the rankings, teams must have played at least eight Twenty20 Internationals in the ranking period.[30]
ICC T20I Championship 
RankTeamMatchesPointsRating
1 Sri Lanka172123125
2 West Indies192249118
3 Australia172006118
4 England202330117
5 South Africa252879115
6 Pakistan273085114
7 India141537110
8 New Zealand192047108
9 Afghanistan17133979
10 Bangladesh1283169
11 Hong Kong1172866
12 Scotland1066166
13 Netherlands1485961
14 Zimbabwe1685253
15 Ireland1042242
Insufficient matches
 Papua New Guinea3—70
 Oman6—43
 United Arab Emirates5—0
Reference: ICC Rankings, 30 November 2015

Domestic[edit]

An Indian Premier League match commencing at the Chepauk Stadiumbetween Chennai Super Kings and Kolkata Knight Riders
A NatWest t20 Blast county match between Yorkshire Vikings and Durham Jetsat Headingley Stadium in 2015.
Main article: List of domestic Twenty20 cricket competitions
This is a list of the current Twenty20 domestic competitions in each major cricketing country.
CountryDomestic Competition
AustraliaBig Bash League
BangladeshBangladesh Premier League
EnglandNatWest t20 Blast
IndiaIndian Premier League
IrelandInter-Provincial Trophy
NepalNepal Premier League
Netherlands, ScotlandNorth Sea Pro Series
New ZealandGeorgie Pie Super Smash
PakistanPakistan Super League
South AfricaRam Slam T20 Challenge
Sri LankaSri Lanka Premier League
West IndiesCaribbean Premier League
ZimbabweStanbic Bank 20 Series

Records[edit]

Main article: List of Twenty20 cricket records
These statistics are correct as of 6 November 2015 and include all first-class-equivalent level Twenty20 matches.
Twenty 20 records
T20 International records
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